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Political liberty is the right of individuals to participate in their government, such as by voting or holding public office. This is distinct from individual liberty, which is freedom from external restraint in areas outside the government's control. While civil liberty involves freedom from arbitrary restraint and a set of rights, it can still be subject to laws for the common good.12

In modern times, liberty is also defined by economic opportunity and security. Historically, liberalism, particularly in the 19th century, championed constitutional government, political democracy, and the rule of law, influencing movements for national unification and broader participation in government. However, contemporary democracies face challenges, including diminished economic security for citizens, which can lead to disaffection and skepticism towards democratic institutions.1345

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