plasma cosmology

Plasma cosmology is a theoretical framework that proposes the universe is primarily composed of plasma and that electromagnetic forces, rather than gravity, are the dominant factor in cosmic structure formation. This contrasts with the prevailing Big Bang model, which emphasizes gravity and the expansion of space from an initial hot, dense state.12

Plasma physics, the study of ionized gases, has roots in early 20th-century research on electric discharges. While the Big Bang model describes the universe's evolution from extreme temperature and density, plasma cosmology suggests that the observed large-scale structures, like galaxies, are shaped by the complex interactions of plasma and magnetic fields. Most visible matter in the universe exists as plasma, including stars and interstellar space.3421