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The term pars ecclesiae translates to "party of the church" and became more common in Italy during the latter half of the 13th century. While often interpreted as support for the papacy, it also encompassed backing for local churches. This concept was intertwined with the political landscape of Italian communes, where alliances between bishops and communes grew, and imperial ideology waned. The term reflects the complex interplay of religious and political affiliations that shaped Italian urban life during this period.1

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