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Objective idealism is a philosophical view that posits reality is fundamentally ideal or spiritual and exists independently of any observer's consciousness. This contrasts with subjective idealism, which holds that reality is dependent on the mind. Objective idealism, as developed by philosophers like Friedrich Schelling, sees nature as a manifestation of intelligence and intelligence as the essence of nature. This perspective is opposed to materialism, which asserts that matter is the fundamental substance of the world.123

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