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In Yoga philosophy, niyama is the second of the eight stages (ashtanga-yoga) leading to samadhi, or a state of perfect concentration. It is a set of five observances that serve as an ethical and spiritual discipline. These include cleanliness, contentment, asceticism (tapas), self-study, and devotion to God.123

Niyama, along with the first stage, yama (restraint), are considered preliminary ethical preparations for the more advanced stages of Yoga. They are not exclusive to Yoga but are foundational practices for any aspirant seeking spiritual development.12

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  1. yama
  2. Yoga
  3. tapas

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