ngola

The ngola was the title of the ruler of the historical African kingdom of Ndongo, located in what is now Angola. The kingdom, founded likely in the late 15th or early 16th century, was centered east of Luanda and stretched to the Atlantic coast at its peak.1

The Portuguese established a base at Luanda in 1575, initially cooperating with Ndongo. However, conflicts arose, leading to wars and the enslavement of people for Brazil. The Ndongo kingdom faced significant pressure from Portuguese expansion and internal conflicts, notably involving Queen Nzinga Mbande, who fought against Portuguese incursions. By the late 17th century, Ndongo was integrated into the Portuguese colony of Angola.123