moshav ʿovdim

A moshav ovdim is a type of cooperative agricultural settlement in Israel. These settlements are characterized by smallholders who own their land and operate independent farm units, but with cooperative marketing and shared services. The term moshav ovdim literally translates to "workers' settlement".12

This model represents a balance between private land ownership and communal support, distinguishing it from the fully communal living of a kibbutz. While individual families manage their own farms, the cooperative structure provides economic and social security through services like marketing produce and purchasing supplies. The first successful moshav ovdim settlements were established in 1921.23