maze

A labyrinth, or maze, is a complex network of passages and blind alleys designed to be difficult to navigate. Historically, labyrinths were architectural structures, with famous examples in ancient Egypt and Crete, often associated with legends like the Minotaur. Later, they became features in formal gardens, created with high hedges to challenge visitors. In modern times, mazes are popular recreational attractions, constructed from hedges or movable walls.1

In psychology, mazes are used to study spatial learning in animals, particularly rats. Researchers observe how animals learn to find a goal within a maze, often using simpler apparatuses like T-mazes or Y-mazes. Studies suggest animals learn to navigate by using external landmarks and their spatial relationships, potentially forming an internal "map" of their environment.2