maeniana

The term "maeniana" in Roman architecture refers to the balconies or projecting galleries that were a common feature of insulae. These were multi-story apartment blocks, primarily housing the working class, and were constructed from brick and concrete.1

Insulae were often built to be five or more stories high, despite regulations limiting their height. The ground floors typically contained shops and workshops, with residences located on the upper levels. Access to these residences was via internal staircases, and they received light and air from the street and an inner courtyard.1

These balconies, or maeniana, could be enclosed or open and were made of wood or concrete. Due to the limitations of water supply and the cheap construction methods, insulae were prone to frequent collapses and fires.1