individualized education program
Quick Summary
An Individualized Education Program (IEP) is a document outlining a specific educational plan for a student receiving special education services. In the U.S., it's typically called an "individualized education program," while other English-speaking countries use "individualized education plan".1
Under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), schools are required to provide a "free appropriate public education" (FAPE) to disabled students in the "least restrictive environment". This education is detailed in an IEP, developed by school officials in consultation with parents or guardians. The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that this education must be sufficient to allow the child to benefit educationally, rather than guaranteeing they reach their full potential.2
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