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A warranty is a promise or guarantee made by a seller or lessor about the quality or characteristics of goods or services. These can be express (explicitly stated) or implied (inferred by law). If a warranty is breached, the buyer may be entitled to damages, repair, or replacement.1

In marine insurance, express warranties are written into the contract, such as the FC&S warranty excluding war risks. Implied warranties, which bind parties even if not written, include seaworthiness of the vessel, adherence to the intended course (deviation), and legality of the voyage.2

Insurance contracts require a legal purpose, capacity to contract, a meeting of minds, and consideration. Warranties in insurance applications are crucial; false representations or concealment of material facts can lead the insurer to void the contract.3

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