illegal wildlife trade

The illegal wildlife trade, often referred to as poaching, involves the unlawful shooting, trapping, or taking of game, fish, or plants from protected areas or private property. Historically, poaching was primarily for subsistence, but it has evolved into a commercial activity driven by profit in both legal and black markets.1

This trade poses a significant threat to biodiversity, pushing many species towards extinction. Animals like rhinoceroses and elephants are targeted for their horns and ivory, while tigers, pangolins, and parrots are sought for traditional medicine, the pet trade, or other products. Even plants, such as valuable trees like rosewood and mahogany, are illegally logged.1

Efforts to combat this trade include conservation programs, increased patrolling by game wardens, and international agreements like the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). These measures aim to regulate trade and deter smuggling, though enforcement remains a significant challenge.12