history of Ukraine

Introduction
Prehistory
Kyivan (Kievan) Rus
Lithuanian and Polish rule
- Social changes
- Religious developments
The Cossacks
- The Khmelnytsky insurrection
- The Ruin
- The autonomous hetman state and Sloboda Ukraine
- Right Bank and western Ukraine until the Partitions of Poland
Ukraine under direct imperial Russian rule
Western Ukraine under the Habsburg monarchy
- Galicia
- Bukovina
- Transcarpathia
World War I and the struggle for independence
Ukraine in the interwar period
- Soviet Ukraine
  - The New Economic Policy and Ukrainization
  - Industrialization and collectivization
  - The famine of 1932–33 (Holodomor)
  - Russification
- Western Ukraine under Polish rule
- Bukovina under Romanian rule
- Transcarpathia in Czechoslovakia
World War II and its aftermath
- Western Ukraine under Soviet and Nazi rule
- The Nazi occupation of Soviet Ukraine
- Ukraine reunited under Soviet rule
Soviet Ukraine in the postwar period
- The last years of Stalin’s rule
- The period of Khrushchev
- Ukraine under Shelest
- Ukraine under Shcherbytsky
- Ukraine on the path to independence
- Parliamentary democracy
Independent Ukraine
- Postindependence issues
  - State building and diplomacy
  - Economic difficulties
  - Social developments
- Kuchma’s presidency
- The Orange Revolution and the Yushchenko presidency
- The Yanukovych presidency
- The Maidan protest movement
- The crisis in Crimea and eastern Ukraine
  - Russian invasion and annexation of Crimea
  - The Poroshenko administration
- The Zelensky presidency and continued Russian aggression
  - The Zelensky-Trump phone call and the COVID-19 pandemic
  - The Russian invasion of Ukraine
    - The Russian buildup and the Battle of Kyiv
    - The Ukrainian refugee crisis and Russian war crimes
    - Western aid, the sinking of the Moskva, and the fall of Mariupol

References & Edit History Related Topics

Images

Political map of Ukraine showing its national boundaries, major cities, and neighboring countries including Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Moldova, Belarus, and Russia. The map highlights key cities such as Kyiv, Lviv, Odesa, Kharkiv, and Dnipro, and includes Crimea and the Black Sea. An inset locator map in the lower left shows Ukraine's position within Europe.

Map of Ukraine showing historical regions such as Galicia, Volhynia, Podolia, Bukovina, Trans-Carpathia, Polissya, Right Bank, Left Bank, Sloboda Ukraine, Donbas, Zaporizhia, and Crimea, overlaid with modern country boundaries and major cities, along with nearby countries and bodies of water like the Black Sea and Sea of Azov.

Map of Eastern Europe showing the extent of Kievan Rus in the 10th and 11th centuries, outlined and labeled within present-day regions including parts of Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus. Major cities such as Kyiv, Novgorod, Smolensk, and Chernigov are marked, along with neighboring groups and regions like the Varangians, Pechenegs, Cumans, Khazars, Poland, Hungary, and the Byzantine Empire. Major rivers, the Black Sea, and surrounding geographic features are also shown.

Ilya Yefimovich Repin: Zaporozhian Cossacks

Map showing the territorial expansion of Russia from 1300 to 1796, with regions color-coded by the ruler or period of acquisition. The map highlights the principality of Moscow around 1300, its growth by 1462, and subsequent expansions under rulers such as Ivan III, Ivan IV, Peter the Great, and Catherine the Great, extending Russian territory across Eastern Europe and into Siberia. Major rivers, neighboring countries, and cities are labeled for geographic context.

Map showing the principal battle sites of the Crimean War (1853-56) around the Black Sea region, including Crimea. The left panel provides a regional view with locations such as Sevastopol, Sinope, and Constantinople marked, while the right panel zooms in on Crimea, highlighting battles at Alma, Balaklava, Inkerman, and the prolonged siege of Sevastopol. The map distinguishes the territories of the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire.

Map of Europe highlighting the historical region of Galicia in orange, spanning parts of present-day southeastern Poland and western Ukraine, with surrounding countries and major bodies of water labeled for geographic context.

history of Ukraine: References & Edit History

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Ukraine
History of Ukraine

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Lubomyr A. Hajda
Andrij Makuch
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Michael Ray

Article History

Type	Description	Contributor	Date
	New article added.	Michael Ray	Jul 25, 2023