history of Madagascar

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Flag of Madagascar with a vertical white stripe on the left and horizontal red and green stripes on the right.

Political map of Madagascar showing international boundaries, major cities, and towns across the island, with the surrounding Indian Ocean and part of Mozambique visible to the west. A small inset locator map highlights Madagascar's position off the southeastern coast of Africa.

Map of Africa showing the territorial divisions and colonial possessions by European powers from the late 19th to early 20th century. Countries and regions are color-coded to indicate British, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, Belgian, and German control, with independent countries and British-Egyptian condominium also marked. The map highlights the extent and timing of colonization, with most of the continent under European rule except for Ethiopia and Liberia.

Antique map from 1902 showing Madagascar and the nearby Comoro Islands, with detailed topography, cities, and place names labeled across the island. Inset includes a small section of the African mainland to the west. Map is labeled Plate 56 from the 10th edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica.

monument to Malagasy soldiers

Madagascar President Marc Ravalomanana sits at a desk with a microphone and papers during a press conference at the Presidential Palace in Antananarivo.

Madagascar's President Andry Nirina Rajoelina speaks at the United Nations General Assembly podium, with the UN emblem visible on the front.

Gen Z protests in Madagascar

Gen Z protests in Madagascar

history of Madagascar: Media

Images

Flag of Madagascar with a vertical white stripe on the left and horizontal red and green stripes on the right.

Madagascar

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Political map of Madagascar showing international boundaries, major cities, and towns across the island, with the surrounding Indian Ocean and part of Mozambique visible to the west. A small inset locator map highlights Madagascar's position off the southeastern coast of Africa.

Madagascar

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Map of Africa showing the territorial divisions and colonial possessions by European powers from the late 19th to early 20th century. Countries and regions are color-coded to indicate British, French, Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, Belgian, and German control, with independent countries and British-Egyptian condominium also marked. The map highlights the extent and timing of colonization, with most of the continent under European rule except for Ethiopia and Liberia.

Colonization of Africa by European countries

Map showing the colonization of Africa by European countries in the 19th and early...

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Antique map from 1902 showing Madagascar and the nearby Comoro Islands, with detailed topography, cities, and place names labeled across the island. Inset includes a small section of the African mainland to the west. Map is labeled Plate 56 from the 10th edition of Encyclopaedia Britannica.

Madagascar, c. 1902

Map of Madagascar, from the 10th edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica,...

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

monument to Malagasy soldiers

monument to Malagasy soldiers

Monument to Malagasy soldiers who fought for France during World War I, Antananarivo,...

© Christopher Call

Madagascar President Marc Ravalomanana sits at a desk with a microphone and papers during a press conference at the Presidential Palace in Antananarivo.

Marc Ravalomanana

President Marc Ravalomanana during a press conference shortly before he stepped down,...

© Richard Bouhet—AFP/Getty Images

Madagascar's President Andry Nirina Rajoelina speaks at the United Nations General Assembly podium, with the UN emblem visible on the front.

Andry Rajoelina

Pres. Andry Rajoelina of Madagascar addresses the United Nations General Assembly,...

Justin Lane/Getty Images

Gen Z protests in Madagascar

Gen Z protests in Madagascar

Protesters gathering to call for constitutional reforms and the resignation of Pres....

© Luis Tato—AFP/Getty Images

Gen Z protests in Madagascar

Gen Z protests in Madagascar

Young protesters hanging a banner in front of City Hall, Antananarivo, Madagascar,...

© Zo Andrianjafy/Reuters

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