historical humanism
Quick Summary
Humanism is a philosophical and educational movement that originated in 13th and 14th-century Italy and later spread across Europe. It emphasizes the human realm and seeks to develop human virtue to its fullest extent, balancing contemplation with action.12
Key aspects of humanism include:
* Studia Humanitatis: A course of study including grammar, poetry, rhetoric, history, and moral philosophy, aimed at cultivating well-rounded individuals.2
* Realism: An objective analysis of experience, valuing direct observation and history over traditional assumptions.3
* Civic Engagement: The ideal of the philosopher as a citizen, actively participating in public life and seeking to reform society.24
* Classical Influence: A deep engagement with Classical Greek and Roman literature and thought as models for understanding human experience and virtue.2
Humanism also challenged established religious and political authorities, advocating for critical inquiry and reform.5
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