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Health economics is a specialized field within economics that focuses on the economic issues related to health and healthcare. It examines how individuals, healthcare providers, and governments make decisions in the face of scarcity when it comes to health resources.1

This field analyzes factors influencing health and well-being, such as the demand for healthcare services, the supply of medical professionals, and the efficiency of healthcare systems. It also explores the economic evaluation of treatments and interventions, often using measures like quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) to assess the value of healthcare. Health economics plays a crucial role in understanding healthcare costs, resource allocation, and policy decisions aimed at improving population health outcomes.12

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