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Half-uncial, also known as semi-uncial, is a script used in calligraphy that developed from uncial. Uncial script, characterized by rounded strokes, emerged around the 2nd century AD with the development of the codex book format and parchment writing surfaces. Half-uncial script arose from scribes' tendency to adopt more cursive forms, incorporating ascenders and descenders. This script was prevalent in Ireland and England from early times until the Norman Conquest, serving as a typical book hand.1234

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