computer chess
Quick Summary
Computer chess refers to machines designed to play the game of chess. The fascination with automated chess players dates back to the 18th century with pseudo-automatons like "the Turk," which actually concealed human players.1
The development of actual computer chess programs began in the late 1960s. Early programs like MacHack VI showed modest performance, but technical advancements in computing power and the availability of microprocessors significantly accelerated progress through the 1970s and 1980s. These advancements allowed computers to evaluate more positions, leading to stronger play. By the late 1980s, computers were capable of defeating most serious human players.1
Computers have also contributed to extending chess theory, particularly in analyzing endgames by working backward from checkmate positions to uncover new conclusions about piece combinations. This ability to store and analyze vast amounts of data has made computers invaluable to professional players.2
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