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Birtherism is the belief that former U.S. President Barack Obama was not a natural-born U.S. citizen and therefore ineligible to be president. This conspiracy theory, which emerged around 2008-2009, falsely claimed Obama's birth certificate was not legitimate. Despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary, including the release of his long-form birth certificate, the "birther" movement persisted. This discredited claim challenged the constitutional eligibility of a sitting U.S. president.12

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