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The a-che-lha-mo are Buddhist morality plays originating from Tibet. These plays are didactic, meaning they are intended to teach moral lessons, and are often based on the lives of legendary figures, historical persons, or Buddhist canonical literature.1

The plays typically depict mythical heroes overcoming evil, reinforcing Buddhist virtues. They are characterized by elaborate costumes and masks that reveal the characters' ethnic origins and moral qualities. While some scholars suggest Indian theatrical influences, Tibetan tradition attributes the origin of a-che-lha-mo to Thang-stong rgyal-po, a 15th-century bridge builder. The plays evolved from early performances possibly intended to entertain or divert attention from demons, into a popular art form that dramatized religious teachings.1

A-che-lha-mo troupes, consisting of lay performers, often travel to present their plays, which can last for more than a day and incorporate narrative recitation, songs, and comic interludes.1

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