Why is weed control the main purpose of cultivation between vegetable rows?

In vegetable farming, cultivation between rows is primarily performed to control weeds, as this is considered its most important function. Weeds are detrimental to vegetable production because they compete with crop plants for essential resources such as water, light, and mineral nutrients. Furthermore, weeds can harbor insects and diseases that may attack the vegetable crops, and their presence generally reduces overall crop yields while increasing production costs.12345

Because weed control is the main purpose of this practice, cultivation is most effective when performed at the optimal time for killing weeds—specifically when they are just beginning to break through the soil surface. While mechanical cultivation is a standard method for maintaining clean culture, it is often used in combination with other strategies, such as the application of herbicides or the use of protective mulches, to ensure the field remains free of competing plants.145