Which scripts were used to write Middle Persian, Parthian, and Sogdian?

Middle Persian, Parthian, and Sogdian were all recorded using various forms of the Aramaic script.1

• Middle Persian: This language was primarily written in the Pahlavi script, which developed from the Aramaic alphabet. Because the Pahlavi script was not systematically adapted and lacked sufficient letters to represent all sounds, it often relied on ideograms and diacritical marks, leading to significant ambiguity.123
• Parthian: Like Middle Persian, the Parthian script was derived from the Aramaic alphabet. Early records, such as the 1st-century BCE ostraca found at Nisa, were inscribed using ideographic Aramaic, where Aramaic words functioned as symbols to represent Parthian terms.45
• Sogdian: This language was also recorded in various forms of the Aramaic script. As the script developed for Sogdian, it eventually branched into different forms that were later adopted by the Uighurs, and in its cursive form, it spread further to the Mongols and Manchus.1