Vienna Award
Quick Summary
The First Vienna Award, in November 1938, was an arbitration that transferred the territory of southern Slovakia, inhabited by ethnic Hungarians, from Czechoslovakia to Hungary. This decision was made by Germany and Italy after Hungary's attempts to gain Western powers' endorsement for its territorial claims were ignored. This event occurred during the Munich Agreement crisis and marked a shift in Hungary's foreign policy towards greater alignment with the Axis powers. The Second Vienna Award in August 1940, also arbitrated by Germany and Italy, transferred northern Transylvania from Romania to Hungary. These awards were significant in Hungary's efforts to revise the Treaty of Trianon.123
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