Treaty of Rijswijk
Quick Summary
The Treaty of Rijswijk, signed in September and October 1697, concluded the War of the Grand Alliance. This conflict pitted France, led by Louis XIV, against a coalition including England, the United Provinces of the Netherlands, Spain, and the Holy Roman emperor Leopold I. The treaties largely re-established the pre-war territorial and political conditions. The signing took place at Nieuwburg Castle in Rijswijk, Netherlands, an event now commemorated by an obelisk.1
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- King William’s War
…protracted war ended with the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697). Because of the importance of Indian participation, it is also known as the first of the four French and Indian Wars.
Read More…protracted war ended with the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697). Because of the importance of Indian participation, it is also known as the first of the four French and Indian Wars.
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American coloniesCompeting claims in North AmericaThe final Treaty of Rijswijk left matters just as they had previously stood. After a brief breathing space, Queen Anne’s War (1702–13), contemporaneous with the War of Spanish Succession in Europe (1701–14), followed. While John Churchill, 1st duke of Marlborough, won his brilliant victories in Europe, hostilities…
Read MoreThe final Treaty of Rijswijk left matters just as they had previously stood. After a brief breathing space, Queen Anne’s War (1702–13), contemporaneous with the War of Spanish Succession in Europe (1701–14), followed. While John Churchill, 1st duke of Marlborough, won his brilliant victories in Europe, hostilities…
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ProtestantismCatholic recovery of Protestant territories…surrender the country at the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697) to the Holy Roman Empire following the War of the Grand Alliance, a clause (the Simultaneum) of the treaty (added at the last moment and not recognized by the Protestants) preserved certain legal rights for Catholics in Protestant churches. As a…
Read More…surrender the country at the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697) to the Holy Roman Empire following the War of the Grand Alliance, a clause (the Simultaneum) of the treaty (added at the last moment and not recognized by the Protestants) preserved certain legal rights for Catholics in Protestant churches. As a…
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War of the Grand Alliance…general peace culminated in the Treaty of Rijswijk in September-October 1697. The treaty brought no resolution to the conflict between the Bourbon rulers of France and the Habsburgs, or to the English-French conflict; both were renewed four years later in the War of the Spanish Succession. The rise of England…
Read More…general peace culminated in the Treaty of Rijswijk in September-October 1697. The treaty brought no resolution to the conflict between the Bourbon rulers of France and the Habsburgs, or to the English-French conflict; both were renewed four years later in the War of the Spanish Succession. The rise of England…
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IndiaThe French…French regained it under the Peace of Ryswick (1697), they gained the best fortifications in India but lost their trade. By 1706 the French enterprise seemed moribund. The company’s privileges were let to a group of Saint-Malo merchants from 1708–20. After 1720, however, came a dramatic change. The company was…
Read More…French regained it under the Peace of Ryswick (1697), they gained the best fortifications in India but lost their trade. By 1706 the French enterprise seemed moribund. The company’s privileges were let to a group of Saint-Malo merchants from 1708–20. After 1720, however, came a dramatic change. The company was…
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SaarlandHistory…town of Saarlouis under the Treaty of Rijswijk. From 1792 to 1815 France again occupied Saar, together with the entire west bank of the Rhine. With the final defeat of Napoleon I in 1815, France was forced to cede most of Saar to Prussia, which made the area part of…
Read More…town of Saarlouis under the Treaty of Rijswijk. From 1792 to 1815 France again occupied Saar, together with the entire west bank of the Rhine. With the final defeat of Napoleon I in 1815, France was forced to cede most of Saar to Prussia, which made the area part of…
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HaitiPlantations and enslaved peopleThe Treaty of Rijswijk (1697) formally ceded the western third of Hispaniola from Spain to France, which renamed it Saint-Domingue. The colony’s population and economic output grew rapidly during the 18th century, and it became France’s most prosperous New World possession, exporting sugar and smaller amounts…
Read MoreThe Treaty of Rijswijk (1697) formally ceded the western third of Hispaniola from Spain to France, which renamed it Saint-Domingue. The colony’s population and economic output grew rapidly during the 18th century, and it became France’s most prosperous New World possession, exporting sugar and smaller amounts…
Read More- StrasbourgHistory
…his arbitrary action by the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697). The town retained its privileges until the French Revolution (1787–99). In 1792 Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle, a French poet, musician, and soldier, composed in Strasbourg the anthem of the Rhine Army, since known as “La Marseillaise.” In the Franco-German War (1870–71)…
Read More…his arbitrary action by the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697). The town retained its privileges until the French Revolution (1787–99). In 1792 Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle, a French poet, musician, and soldier, composed in Strasbourg the anthem of the Rhine Army, since known as “La Marseillaise.” In the Franco-German War (1870–71)…
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Anthonie Heinsius…at the peace settlement at Rijswijk (1697).
Read More…at the peace settlement at Rijswijk (1697).
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James IIThe Treaty of Rijswijk between England and France (1697) removed his last hopes of restoration.
Read MoreThe Treaty of Rijswijk between England and France (1697) removed his last hopes of restoration.
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Leopold IThe struggle with France.…war ended in the unfavourable Treaty of Rijswijk (1697), under the terms of which Strasbourg had to be ceded to France, a great discredit to Leopold.
Read More…war ended in the unfavourable Treaty of Rijswijk (1697), under the terms of which Strasbourg had to be ceded to France, a great discredit to Leopold.
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Louis XIVRevocation of the Edict of Nantes…acquisitions when he signed the Treaty of Rijswijk, for which the public judged him harshly. He reconciled himself to another painful sacrifice when he recognized William of Orange as William III of England, in violation of his belief in the divine right of the Stuart king James II to William’s…
Read More…acquisitions when he signed the Treaty of Rijswijk, for which the public judged him harshly. He reconciled himself to another painful sacrifice when he recognized William of Orange as William III of England, in violation of his belief in the divine right of the Stuart king James II to William’s…
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FranceForeign affairsAt the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697) the Dutch gained the right to keep a series of Dutch barrier fortresses within the southern Netherlands as a check against French aggression; it was Louis’s seizure of these fortresses in 1701 that precipitated the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–14).
Read MoreAt the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697) the Dutch gained the right to keep a series of Dutch barrier fortresses within the southern Netherlands as a check against French aggression; it was Louis’s seizure of these fortresses in 1701 that precipitated the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–14).
Read More- Bengt Gabrielsson, Count Oxenstierna
…role for Sweden in the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697), which ended the war. After the accession of Charles XII in 1697, Oxenstierna’s influence declined greatly.
Read More…role for Sweden in the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697), which ended the war. After the accession of Charles XII in 1697, Oxenstierna’s influence declined greatly.
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William IIIThe Glen Coe massacre…peace, and the Treaties of Rijswijk were signed in 1697. The question, vital for a European balance of power, of who was to succeed the childless king Charles II of Spain remained unsettled, however, and William had good cause to fear that the peace would be no more than a…
Read More…peace, and the Treaties of Rijswijk were signed in 1697. The question, vital for a European balance of power, of who was to succeed the childless king Charles II of Spain remained unsettled, however, and William had good cause to fear that the peace would be no more than a…
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United KingdomThe sinews of war…Grand Alliance ended with the Treaty of Rijswijk, in which Louis XIV formally recognized William III as king of England.
Read More…Grand Alliance ended with the Treaty of Rijswijk, in which Louis XIV formally recognized William III as king of England.
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