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The Third Duma was an elected legislative body in the imperial Russian government, functioning from 1907 to 1912. It was established after Tsar Nicholas II issued the October Manifesto in response to the 1905 revolution, promising a representative assembly. However, the Fundamental Laws limited the Duma's power.

Following the dissolution of the first two Dumas due to their liberal and socialist opposition, Prime Minister Pyotr Arkadyevich Stolypin altered the electoral laws in 1907. This resulted in a more conservative Third Duma, which generally supported the government's reforms, particularly in agriculture and the military. Despite this, it still criticized bureaucratic issues and survived its full term.12

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