The Mohammedan Conquest of Egypt and North Africa

The Mohammedan Conquest of Egypt and North Africa, a work by Charles Cutler Torrey, details the Arab invasion of Egypt led by \u02bfAmr ibn al-\u02bf\u0100\u1e63 in 639\u2013642 CE. This conquest marked a significant cultural shift, introducing Islam and the Arabic language to Egypt, transforming its civilization from its Greco-Roman heritage. The Arab historians note that \u02bfAmr ibn al-\u02bf\u0100\u1e63 had visited Alexandria in his youth and recognized Egypt's wealth, contributing to the strategic decision to invade. The Byzantine forces were quickly defeated, with Alexandria falling in 642 CE. Egypt then became a base for further Arab-Muslim expansion into North Africa, with garrison cities established and raids conducted against regions like Nubia and the Red Sea.1234