September Uprising

The September Uprising was an armed revolt organized by the Bulgarian communists in 1923 against the Tsankov regime. Following Moscow's directive, the communists prepared for this uprising after declaring neutrality during a previous coup. However, the revolt was brutally suppressed, leading Tsankov to outlaw the Bulgarian Communist Party in 1924. Despite this, the party continued to operate underground. The communists retaliated in 1925 with terrorist acts, including an attempt to assassinate the tsar and government leaders by bombing Sofia's Sveta Nedelya Cathedral, which resulted in 123 deaths and hundreds of injuries. The main targets survived, and the government responded with severe reprisals. Many communist leaders fled abroad, some finding refuge in the Soviet Union.1