Seder ʿolam rabbaʾ

Seder \u02bfolam rabba\u02be, meaning "Order of the World," is the earliest and most significant extant Jewish chronology. Attributed to Rabbi Yosi ben Halafta in the 2nd century CE, it extends from the creation of the world to the time of Bar Kokhba. This work may have been the first to use the rabbinic Era of the Creation.1

The chronology is structured to cover events from the world's creation up to the Bar Kokhba revolt during the Roman emperor Hadrian's reign. However, the period from Nehemiah to Bar Kokhba is condensed into a single chapter, significantly shortening the Persian era to just 54 years. A smaller work, Seder \u02bfOlam zu\u1e6da\u02be, complements the Rabba\u02be by aiming to demonstrate the Babylonian exilarchs' lineage from King David.1