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Second Republic
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Second Republic

Austrian history
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The Second Republic of Austria was established in 1945 following World War II and Allied occupation. A provisional government was formed, and general elections in November 1945 led to a coalition cabinet of the Austrian People's Party and the Socialist Party. The constitution of 1920 was reinstated, and denazification laws were enacted.

Economically, Austria faced chaos but received aid from the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration and the United States' Marshall Plan. Key industries were nationalized. In 1955, the Austrian State Treaty formally reestablished Austria's sovereignty, prohibiting Anschluss with Germany and the restoration of the Habsburgs. Austria also adopted a policy of permanent neutrality. The country joined the United Nations in 1955 and the Council of Europe in 1956. Political stability was maintained through coalition governments, with the Socialist Party, led by Bruno Kreisky, holding significant power in the 1970s.12

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3 Britannica Sources
  1. history of Austria - Allied occupation
  2. history of Austria - Early postwar years
  3. history of Austria - Restoration of sovereignty

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