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The Rock of Calvary, also known as Golgotha, is a skull-shaped hill in ancient Jerusalem that is traditionally believed to be the site of Jesus' Crucifixion. Mentioned in all four Gospels, this execution site was located outside the city walls, possibly near a road and a short distance from Jesus' burial place. While its exact location is uncertain, many scholars suggest it is either beneath the Church of the Holy Sepulchre or a hill north of the Damascus Gate. The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, built on the traditional site, encloses both the believed location of the Crucifixion and Jesus' tomb.123

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