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Philae was a space probe that was part of the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission. Launched in 2004, Rosetta's primary goal was to study Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Philae, weighing 100 kg (220 pounds), was deployed from Rosetta on November 12, 2014, and successfully landed on the comet's surface. This marked the first time a probe had landed on a comet.

Despite initial difficulties with its anchoring harpoons, causing Philae to bounce twice before settling in a precarious position, it managed to transmit valuable data. The probe detected organic molecules, including the amino acid glycine, before its batteries depleted. Philae briefly revived in June 2015, but communication was eventually lost. Rosetta continued to orbit the comet until its mission concluded with a controlled crash in September 2016.1

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