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The Achaemenid dynasty, which ruled Persia from 550 to 330 BCE, introduced coinage to the region, influenced by the Lydian kingdom. The primary gold coin was the daric, and the silver coin was the siglos. These coins typically depicted the Persian king in a kneeling posture, holding a bow and spear. The reverse side featured an incuse impression. While the king held a monopoly on gold coinage, conquered cities could issue silver and copper coins. Some Persian satraps also minted silver coins, some of which featured early coin portraits. The Parthians, who later rose to power in Persia, also issued extensive coinage, primarily in silver and copper, using the dynastic title of Arsaces.123

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