Permanent Council
Quick Summary
The Permanent Council was an executive body established in Poland during a period of revival between the First and Second Partitions. It was composed of five ministries and served as the first executive organ for both the Crown and Lithuania. The council made progress in financial, police, and administrative matters. However, it was also viewed as a channel for Russian influence and faced opposition from those who believed it strengthened the king's position. Reforms within Poland during this time also included reorganizing the educational system, reorienting trade, and developing early manufacturing.1
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