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The Peace of LĂŒbeck, signed in 1629, marked the end of Denmark's involvement in the Thirty Years' War. King Christian IV of Denmark had intervened in the conflict hoping to gain territory in Germany and counter Swedish influence in the Baltic. However, his forces were defeated, leading to the treaty which effectively ended Denmark's status as a major European power. This event allowed Sweden, under Gustav II Adolf, to increase its involvement in Germany. The Thirty Years' War, a complex series of conflicts involving religious, dynastic, and territorial rivalries, ultimately reshaped the map of Europe and contributed to the development of the modern state system.12

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