Peace of Leoben

Europe [1797]

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June 30, 2026

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The armistice of Leoben, signed in April 1797, was a preliminary agreement between France and Austria that preceded the formal Treaty of Campo Formio in October 1797. This treaty concluded Napoleon Bonaparte's first Italian campaign and marked a significant victory for France.12

Under the terms of the treaty:
* France gained control of territories in northern Italy, establishing the Cisalpine and Ligurian republics under its influence.1
* France also acquired Venice's Ionian Islands in the Adriatic Sea.1
* Austria received Venetian territories east of the Adige River, including Istria, Dalmatia, and the city of Venice, effectively ending 1,100 years of Venetian independence.1
* Austria ceded its Belgian provinces to France and agreed to France's annexation of territories it occupied on the left bank of the Rhine River.1

The Treaty of Campo Formio solidified French gains and left Great Britain as the only major power still hostile to France at that time.1

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Venice
End of the Venetian republic
The Peace of Leoben left Venice without an ally, and Ludovico Manin, the last doge, was deposed on May 12, 1797. A provisional democratic municipality was set up in place of the republican government, but later in the same year Venice was handed over to Austria.
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The Peace of Leoben left Venice without an ally, and Ludovico Manin, the last doge, was deposed on May 12, 1797. A provisional democratic municipality was set up in place of the republican government, but later in the same year Venice was handed over to Austria.
Read More