Orang Asli

The Orang Asli, meaning "Original People," are the indigenous aboriginal peoples of Peninsular Malaysia. They are the smallest ethnic group in Malaysia and can be broadly classified into three main groups: the Jakun, who speak a dialect of Malay, and the Semang and Senoi, who speak languages from the Mon-Khmer language family.1

In East Malaysia, particularly in Sarawak, various indigenous groups are collectively referred to as Orang Ulu, meaning "Upriver People." These include the Kenyah, Kayan, Kelabit, Bisaya, and Penan, among others. These diverse groups speak distinct Austronesian languages and have unique cultural traditions. The Orang Asli are a foundational part of Malaysia's rich ethnic tapestry.21