Northwest Indian Confederation

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Northwest Indian Confederation

American Indian organization

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July 1, 2026

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The Northwest Indian Confederation was a union of primarily Algonquian-speaking peoples who resisted American expansion into the Northwest Territory after the American Revolution. Key tribes included the Shawnee, Delaware, Ottawa, Ojibwa, Miami, and Potawatomi. Led by Miami chief Little Turtle, the confederation achieved significant victories against U.S. forces in 1790 and 1791. However, after a decisive defeat at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794 and the loss of British support, the confederation was forced to cede vast territories in the Treaty of Greenville in 1795.1

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Battle of Fallen Timbers
…the United States and the Northwest Indian Confederation on the Maumee River near what is now Toledo, Ohio. After two devastating U.S. losses at the hands of the Northwest Indian Confederation, Maj. Gen. Anthony Wayne took command of the U.S. Army and retaliated against the allied tribes with an expeditionary…
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…the United States and the Northwest Indian Confederation on the Maumee River near what is now Toledo, Ohio. After two devastating U.S. losses at the hands of the Northwest Indian Confederation, Maj. Gen. Anthony Wayne took command of the U.S. Army and retaliated against the allied tribes with an expeditionary…
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Anthony Wayne
…War, who later destroyed the Northwest Indian Confederation at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in Ohio (August 20, 1794).
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…War, who later destroyed the Northwest Indian Confederation at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in Ohio (August 20, 1794).
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American frontier
The first frontier
…under the banner of the Northwest Confederation. In 1791 they delivered a stunning defeat to an American military expedition that had been sent to pacify the region. U.S. Pres. George Washington dispatched Gen. Anthony Wayne and a much larger force to the region, and the Americans effectively crushed the confederation…
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…under the banner of the Northwest Confederation. In 1791 they delivered a stunning defeat to an American military expedition that had been sent to pacify the region. U.S. Pres. George Washington dispatched Gen. Anthony Wayne and a much larger force to the region, and the Americans effectively crushed the confederation…
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Saint Clair’s Defeat
…grounds with British support, a Northwest Indian Confederation was gradually molded between 1785 and 1787, consisting mainly of Shawnee, Delaware, Ottawa, Iroquois, Ojibwa, Miami, and Potawatomi. Kentucky frontiersmen reacted to this threat by initiating raiding parties on native villages as early as 1788, and
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…grounds with British support, a Northwest Indian Confederation was gradually molded between 1785 and 1787, consisting mainly of Shawnee, Delaware, Ottawa, Iroquois, Ojibwa, Miami, and Potawatomi. Kentucky frontiersmen reacted to this threat by initiating raiding parties on native villages as early as 1788, and
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