Northeastern Turkic languages

The Northeastern Turkic languages are a branch of the Turkic language family, which is part of the larger Altaic language group. These languages are spoken across a vast area of Central and North Asia, with some presence in Eastern Europe. The earliest written records of Turkic languages date back to the 8th century CE, found in inscriptions in Mongolia and southern Russia.1

The Turkic languages are classified into several branches, including Southwestern (Oghuz), Northwestern (Kipchak), Southeastern (Uyghur-Chagatai), and Northeastern (Siberian). The Northeastern branch includes languages like Sakha and Dolgan, spoken in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) of Russia, and the South Siberian group, which includes languages such as Khakas, Shor, Tyvan, and Altay.1

These languages share similarities in phonology, morphology, and syntax, though some, like Sakha, differ more significantly from the others. Turkic languages have been influenced by various contact languages throughout history, including Indo-Iranian, Chinese, Arabic, Persian, Mongolian, and Russian.1