Nation of Islam: References & Edit History

Additional Reading

Numerous books by members of the Nation include Silis Muhammad, The Wake of the Nation of Islam (1985); Malcolm X and Alex Haley, The Autobiography of Malcolm X (1965, reissued 1999); and two works by Elijah Muhammad, History of the Nation of Islam (1994) and Our Saviour Has Arrived (1974). Martha F. Lee, The Nation of Islam: An American Millenarian Movement (1988, reissued 1996), provides a good overview of the leading figures in the history of the Nation.

Article Contributors

Primary Contributors

  • J. Gordon Melton
  • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
    Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors.

Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors

Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Modified link of Web site: Counter Extremism Project - Nation of Islam (NOI). Sep 28, 2026
Added cross-reference, updated, added Top Questions. Apr 15, 2026
Add new Web site: CNN - The birth of the Nation of Islam. Mar 23, 2026
Add new Web site: PBS - American Experience - Elijah Muhammad and the Nation of Islam. Dec 02, 2025
Add new Web site: Academia - The Nation of Islam and the Muslim World: Theologically Divorced and Politically United (PDF). Jun 20, 2025
Add new Web site: BBC Sounds - Focus on Faith - The US Nation of Islam. Apr 22, 2025
Add new Web site: The Southern Poverty Law Center - Nation of Islam. Feb 15, 2025
Add new Web site: West Philadelphia Collaborative History - Malcolm X, Part III: Malcolm X and the Nation of Islam. Dec 20, 2024
Add new Web site: IU Indianapolis ScholarWorks - The Nation of Islam (PDF). Oct 22, 2024
Add new Web site: Hartford Institute for Religion Research - Nation of Islam. Sep 13, 2024
Add new Web site: Muslims in Brooklyn - A Short History of Black American Islam (PDF). Nov 10, 2023
Add new Web site: Counter Extremism Project - Nation of Islam (NOI). Jun 19, 2023
Add new Web site: ADL - Nation of Islam. Apr 28, 2023
Add new Web site: Southern Poverty Law Center - Nation of Islam. Nov 01, 2022
Add new Web site: World Religions and Spirituality Project - Nation of Islam. Aug 26, 2022
Revised to note that two of the persons convicted of murdering Malcolm X were later exonerated. Mar 09, 2022
Changed “black” to “Black.” Oct 01, 2020
Corrected display issue. Oct 01, 2018
Add new Web site: Jewish Virtual Library - Black-Jewish Relations: The Nation of Islam. Aug 07, 2014
Media added. Jul 08, 2009
Article revised. Dec 17, 2004
Article added to new online database. Jul 20, 1998
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