Mozarabic liturgy

The Mozarabic liturgy refers to the Christian liturgical rites practiced on the Iberian Peninsula from approximately the 5th century until its suppression at the end of the 11th century in favor of the Roman Catholic Church's Gregorian chant. The term "Mozarabic" was applied to Christians living under Islamic rule after 711 CE, but the rite predates this period and was also used in areas never conquered by Muslims.12

The Mozarabic style also extended to architecture and other visual arts, blending Christian subject matter with Islamic decorative motifs like the horseshoe arch. This synthesis was a result of Christians living under Islamic rule, and these influences spread north into Europe through emigration. While the original chant melodies are largely lost due to imprecise notation, the structure of the liturgy shared similarities with other early Western Christian rites.321