Liberal movement

Liberal Judaism, also known as Reform Judaism, is a religious movement within Judaism that emerged in the 19th century. It arose from a desire to adapt Jewish beliefs and practices to modern Western society, making them compatible with new social and intellectual standards.1

Key aspects of Liberal Judaism include:
* Reform of Worship: Early reforms focused on the external aspects of worship, introducing organ and choir music, allowing men and women to sit together, and delivering sermons in the vernacular rather than Hebrew.1
* Reinterpretation of Law: Reformers viewed Judaism as a developmental religion, emphasizing moral law over strict adherence to all traditional rituals and nationalistic aspirations.1
* Focus on Social Justice: Messianic hopes were transformed into a concern for social welfare in the present, with a mission to promote peace and well-being.1

While initiated in Europe, Liberal Judaism found greater success in the United States. It is represented globally by the World Union for Progressive Judaism.2