Kwena

The Kwena are a westerly division of the Sotho people, who are Bantu-speaking and reside primarily in South Africa and Botswana. Historically, the Kwena have lived in grassland environments, relying on animal husbandry and subsistence farming of corn and sorghum. Their material culture has been influenced by European goods, with traditional housing and dress adapting to modern standards. Socially, they are organized into patrilineal descent groups and, in Botswana, into wards which are self-contained social and administrative units. While ethnic group membership can include diverse elements, leading to a lack of complete cultural uniformity, traditional leadership involves a chief ruling with the aid of advisers and a general council of adult males.1