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The Kashmiri people primarily inhabit the Vale of Kashmir and surrounding areas. The majority are Muslims who speak Kashmiri or Urdu. Culturally and ethnically, they are closely linked to the peoples of the northwestern highlands of the Gilgit area. The Kashmiri language, a Dardic language within the Indo-Aryan family, has a rich folklore and literary tradition, influenced by Sanskrit and Persian.12

The region of Kashmir itself is mountainous and has been a point of dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947. The population of the broader Jammu and Kashmir region is diverse, with Muslims forming about two-thirds, Hindus most of the remainder, and small minorities of Sikhs and Buddhists. The official languages include Urdu, English, Kashmiri, Dogri, and Hindi.31

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