Kali: References & Edit History

Additional Reading

David Kinsley, The Sword and the Flute: Kālī and Krṣṇạ: Dark Visions of the Terrible and the Sublime in Hindu Mythology, 2nd ed. (2000); Hindu Goddesses: Visions of the Divine Feminine in the Hindu Religious Tradition (1986, reissued 1997); and Rachel Fell McDermott and Jeffrey J. Kripal (eds.), Encountering Kali: In the Margins, at the Center, in the West (2003), are good introductions to traditions associated with Kali.

Article Contributors

Primary Contributors

  • Wendy Doniger
  • Charles Preston
    Charles Preston is Associate Editor for Religion at Encyclopædia Britannica.
  • Gitanjali Roy
    Gitanjali Roy is deputy managing editor, Encyclopaedia Britannica. She has over two decades of editorial experience across digital and broadcast media.

Other Encyclopedia Britannica Contributors

Article History

Type Description Contributor Date
Modified link of Web site: IndiaNetzone - Goddess Kali. Jan 13, 2026
Article thoroughly revised. Oct 17, 2025
Add new Web site: History Today - Kali. Feb 11, 2025
Add new Web site: CORE - Kali, Untamed Goddess Power and Unleashed Sexuality: A Study of the ?Kalika Purana? of Bengal. Jul 31, 2024
Add new Web site: Mythology.net - Kali. Feb 15, 2024
Add new Web site: Learn Religions - Kali: The Dark Mother Goddess in Hinduism. Oct 17, 2023
Add new Web site: McClintock and Strong Biblical Cyclopedia - Kali. Jul 08, 2023
Add new Web site: Academia - Kali: Fierce Goddess for Our Age. Apr 27, 2023
Add new Web site: Ancient Origins - When Kalki the Destroyer Descends, the Apocalypse Begins. Jan 04, 2023
Add new Web site: World History Encyclopedia - Kali. Aug 26, 2022
Article revised. May 05, 2015
Add new Web site: Buzzle.com - The Goddess Kali. Jan 13, 2014
Add new Web site: Fact Monster - Society - Kali. Nov 07, 2011
Add new Web site: ILoveIndia.com - Kali. Jul 26, 2010
Add new Web site: IndiaNetzone - Goddess Kali. Jul 26, 2010
Article revised and updated. Sep 21, 2007
New bibliography added. Sep 21, 2007
Article revised. May 10, 2002
Article added to new online database. Jul 20, 1998
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