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"Hoyle" refers to an encyclopedia of rules for indoor and card games. The term originates from Edmond Hoyle, an English writer in the 18th century who authored influential books on card games, particularly whist. His writings were so authoritative that "according to Hoyle" became a common phrase meaning strict adherence to rules and customs. Hoyle also codified the laws for backgammon and wrote treatises on chess and other games. Card games themselves are played with decks of cards and are often characterized by imperfect information, as players only know their own hands.1234

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