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Gregorian calendar, solar dating system now in general use. It was proclaimed in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII as a reform of the Julian calendar. By the Julian reckoning, the solar year lasts 365 1/4 days, and the intercalation of a “leap day” every four years was intended to maintain correspondence between the calendar and the seasons. However, the solar year more precisely lasts 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, and 45.25 seconds—that is, more...