Fangshi Mopu

The term "Fangshi Mopu" refers to a significant collection of Chinese woodblock prints published in 1588 during the Ming dynasty. This collection, along with others like "Chengshi Moyuan," showcased sophisticated polychrome printing techniques that imitated paintings.1

Woodcut printing itself is an ancient technique, originating in China as early as the 5th century CE for decorating textiles. It involves carving a design into a wooden plank, inking the raised surface, and then pressing it onto paper or fabric. In Europe, woodcuts gained prominence in the 15th century, with artists like Albrecht Dürer pushing the medium's capabilities. Later, artists like Edvard Munch and Paul Gauguin explored the expressive potential of wood grain, and German Expressionists used rough carving for powerful effects. Japanese ukiyo-e prints also heavily utilized woodcuts, influencing Western art.23