Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals

David Hume's An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals (1751) is a foundational work in ethics that argues morality is determined by sentiment, not reason. Hume believed that moral judgments are based on feelings of approval or disapproval, rather than objective facts. He contended that reason alone cannot motivate action; it is the "slave of the passions".123

Hume's work emphasizes that moral qualities are valued for their utility or agreeableness, contributing to personal and social happiness. He highlights the importance of sympathy and benevolence, suggesting that a significant part of morality involves regard for others. Hume's ethical system focuses on the experience of feelings as the basis for moral judgments, rather than logical deduction.13