Columbia

…1982), on which the shuttle Columbia first launched two satellites into orbit. On his third space mission, Brand was commander of the Challenger space shuttle (STS-41-B; February 3–11, 1984). Although this trip was plagued by several malfunctions and two communications satellites were misdirected, Bruce McCandless’s performance of the first space…

…was aboard the space shuttle Columbia in January 1986. Other shuttle flights included the Atlantis mission in October 1989, which deployed the Galileo spacecraft that explored Jupiter, and the June 2002 flight of Endeavour, during which he participated in three space walks to help repair the robotic arm of the…

…operator on mission STS-87 aboard Columbia. STS-87 launched in November 1997, making Chawla the first woman of Indian origin to go to space. Columbia made 252 orbits of Earth before returning in December 1997.

Young, the shuttle Columbia, the world’s first reusable spacecraft, was launched on April 12, 1981. The two astronauts landed the airplanelike craft on April 14, after having orbited Earth 36 times. Crippen later commanded the second flight of the space shuttle Challenger. This flight (June 18–24, 1983) included…

…mission aboard the space shuttle Columbia on July 8, 1994. Mukai took part in several scientific and medical experiments, which were housed in a Spacelab module in Columbia’s cargo bay. STS-65 returned to Earth on July 23, 1994, after having spent 15 days in space.

…1986, he flew aboard the Columbia space shuttle as a payload specialist on the STS-61C mission. During the six-day flight, the seven-man crew launched a communications satellite and performed several experiments in materials processing and astrophysics, including an infrared imaging experiment and a handheld protein crystal growth experiment. STS-61C returned…

… mission of the space shuttle Columbia, which was launched on June 20, 1996. The spaceflight carried a pressurized Spacelab module in which Thirsk and his crewmates performed biological and materials science experiments. The mission lasted nearly 17 days and at the time was the longest space shuttle flight.

Crippen), guiding the orbiter Columbia to a landing at Edwards Air Force Base in California after it had circled Earth 36 times. In 1983 Young commanded the joint NASA and European Space Agency mission, which from November 28 to December 8 carried Spacelab, a scientific workshop, in the Columbia’s…