Charter of Rights and Freedoms

The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a part of Canada's constitution, established by the Canada Act in 1982. It outlines 34 fundamental rights and freedoms for all Canadians, including freedom of religion and language rights.1

While many of these rights are protected, a "notwithstanding clause" allows federal or provincial governments to temporarily override certain Charter guarantees. This clause must be renewed every five years to remain in effect, distinguishing it from the more entrenched Bill of Rights in the United States. The Charter also recognizes Indigenous rights and ensures reasonable access to public services across the country.1